Biochemical and hematological evaluation in subjects with intellectual disability associated or not to Down syndrome

Andressa I Van Mierlo,José Carlos R Vellosa,Mackelly Simionatto,Priscilla S Brito,Isabella Cristina Queje,Danielle Cristyane K Borato,Fabio André Dos Santos

doi:10.5935/1676-2444.20180005

Abstract

ABSTRACT Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most leading causes of intellectual disability. The aim of this study was to compare biochemical and hematological parameters, triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios in individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) associated or not with DS. The main result is the lower HDL-C level in individuals with DS than in the ID group, suggesting a modification in the lipid profile whose origin would lie in genetic alterations. However, further researches are important to analyze if there is any link between trisomy 21 and the reduction of plasma HDL-C levels in individuals with DS.

Highlights

Material and methodsThe main cause of intellectual disability (ID) are chromosomal alterations, with Down syndrome (DS) being the most frequent one[1]
This study suggests that changes in lipid metabolism found in children with DS may be determined by unknown genetic alterations[10]
The values obtained for individuals with ID associated or not with DS, evaluated in the present study, were similar to those found in children in the general population. Another relationship that is currently associated with an unfavorable cardiovascular profile in children is the neutrophil/ lymphocyte ratio[26] but we found no difference between individuals with ID and DS

Summary

Introduction

The main cause of intellectual disability (ID) are chromosomal alterations, with Down syndrome (DS) being the most frequent one[1]. DS is a genetic change resulting from an extra copy of chromosome 21, characterized by delayed psychomotor development[2]. Individuals with DS may present with specific health problems such as congenital heart diseases, diabetes, renal disease, hematological abnormalities, obesity and premature aging[3,4,5,6]. It becomes interesting to compare laboratory tests among individuals with IDs associated or not with DS. The aim of this study was to compare biochemical and hematological parameters, triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios in individuals with IDs associated or not with DS

Objectives

Findings

Discussion

Conclusion