Bioassay guided triterpene isolation and its biological evaluation using branches extract of a significant medicinal plant; Monotheca buxifolia

Abstract

ObjectiveThe present study focuses on column chromatography of ethyl acetate fractions and re fractions of M.buxifolia branches for potential compound isolation alongside their biological and phytochemical evaluation and TLC analysis. MethodsThe obtained EtOAc fractions were subjected to phytochemical (TPC, TFC), antioxidant (TRP, TAC, DPPH, MC, ABTS), antibacterial and enzyme inhibition (α-amylase, lipase and urease) assays. Fractions indicating the presence of a compound were selected for running successive columns and their factions also analyzed employing the above mentioned bioassays. ResultsA collective none-to-low antibacterial activity was observed. MbBE11 presented the highest antidiabetic potential (79.92%±3.9) besides moderate phytochemical and antioxidant activity. Highest phenolic content (75.85±3.6 μgGAE/mg), flavonoid content (45.39±2μgQE/mg), antioxidant capacity (99.9±3.7 μgAAE/mg), reducing power (94.82±3.9 μgAAE/mg) and radical scavenging activity (DPPH; 86.28±3%, ABTS; 98.9±2.3%, MC; 59.01±2.7%) was reported by MbBE16 making it a potential source of antioxidant agents. Column chromatography of MbBE11 produced two refractions (MbBE21 and MbBE22) which reported moderate phytochemical and high antioxidant activity. High α-amylase and urease inhibition with low lipase inhibition was observed. MbBE21 depicted the largest ZOI against S.enterica (SE) (12±0.7 mm) and MbBE22 against Methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) (12±0.5 mm). Column chromatography of MbBE16 produced four refractions (MbBE31 – MbBE34) with moderate phytochemical and antioxidant activity without a single dominant fraction. Antibacterial activity remained low with the average ZOI sized at 7±0.5 mm. MbBE15 reported the highest anti-urease at 95.7%±4.7 and significant lipase inhibition at 85.5%±3. MbBE15, MbBE22 MbBE32 resulted in crystal formation later characterized as Lupeol with moderate phytochemical and antioxidant activity. ConclusionThe study concludes that M.buxifolia is a potential source of bioactive components and can be further explored through modern strategies.