Abstract
Piper longum L. (Piperaceae) commonly known as “long pepper” is a well-known medicinal plant in traditional and Ayurveda system. Different parts of this plant, such as root, seed, fruit, whole plant etc. are used traditionally in various ailments. In the present study, we have investigated the antimicrobial activity of ethanol and methanol extract from P. longum rhizome against major skin pathogens Staphylococccus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, and Proteus mirabilis . The most promising activity of methanol extract was observed against Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, and Staphylococccus aureus with zone of inhibition of 17mm diameter. Further bioactivity-guided fractionation of methanol extract by silica gel column chromatography resulted in eleven major fractions. Among these, fraction-1, 4, 5 and 6 showed higher antimicrobial activity against selected skin pathogens. The bioactive fraction of the methanol extract fraction-5 was subjected for further bio analytical studies. The presence of various components as alkaloids, trepenes, and flavonoids were confirmed after phyto-chemical analysis. The GC-MS analysis of the bioactive fraction identified the major compounds as Piperine, piperlogume, and other components in traces along with some unidentified constituents. The data obtained confirmed its promising bioactivity and led a basis for its significant use as a therapeutic, both in traditional and folk medicine.
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