Antimicrobial susceptibility of some quinolone antibiotics against some urinary tract pathogens in a tertiary hospital, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is an increasing threat to life and morbidity and mortality. UTIs are greater when caused by drug-resistant microorganisms. A total of 250 urine samples were collected and out of these, some 143 different strains of bacteria which were isolated, showed positive bacterial growth. Among the different uropathogens, 53 (37.1%) were obtained from male subjects, while the remaining 90 (62.9%) were from female subjects. Of the 143 bacterial isolates obtained, gram negative bacteria had the highest frequency of occurrence with 91 (63.6%) than gram positive bacteria with 52 (36.4 %). The organisms isolated were Escherichia coli 37 (25.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (17.5%); Enterococcus faecalis (15.4 %), Klebsiella aerogenes (14.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.6%), Proteus vulgaris (11.4%) species 8 (10%); Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7 (4.9%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (4.5 %) and P. Proteus mirabilis 2 (1.4%) in order of ranking. The susceptibility of the isolates to the quinolone antibiotics were assessed using the disc diffusion method. Among the gram-negative bacteria, P. aeruginosa was less susceptible with a profile of (71.4%) to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin (42.9%), pefloxacin (57.1%), and sparfloxacin (42.9 %), but no activity for nalidixic acid. The susceptibility pattern followed similar trend for the other gram-negative bacteria. Among the gram-positive bacteria, S. aureus was least sensitive with a profile of 64.0% for ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin (56.0%), pefloxacin (52.0%), Sparfloxacin (52.0%) and nalidixic acid (8.0%). The quinolone antibiotics were still effective against the uropathogens, but should be reserved for only complicated UTIs to avoid the development of resistance. Key words: Resistance, morbidity, mortality, susceptible, uropathogens