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Abstract
Over the last decades, endophytic fungi represent a new source of pharmacologically active secondary metabolites based on the underlying assumption that they live symbiotically within their plant host. In the present study, a new endophytic fungus was isolated from Rauwolfia macrophylla, a medicinal plant from Cameroon. The fungus showed a highest homology to Curvularia sp. based on complete nucleotide sequence data generated from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA region. Large scale fermentation, working-up and separation of the strain extract using different chromatographic techniques afforded three bioactive compounds: 2'-deoxyribolactone (1), hexylitaconic acid (2) and ergosterol (3). The chemical structures of compounds 1–3 were confirmed by 1 and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, and comparison with corresponding literature data. Biologically, the antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory of the isolated compounds were studied.
Highlights
Rauwolfia macrophylla (Apocynaceae) is a tree of about 12–15 m high occurring in Upper Guinea, Southern Nigeria, and Cameroon [1]
Taxonomical characterization of the producing fungus An endophytic fungus was isolated from Rauwolfia macrophylla (Apocynaceae)
For taxonomic classification of this endophyte, its internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences were amplified by applying PCR, followed by Sanger sequencing and a BLAST-based approach
Summary
Rauwolfia macrophylla (Apocynaceae) is a tree of about 12–15 m high occurring in Upper Guinea, Southern Nigeria, and Cameroon [1]. The stem and root barks were commonly used to treat malaria and other parasitic diseases in African indigenous medicine [2, 3]. Endophytes are microorganisms that inhabit the inner tissue of their hosts and perform various ecological relationships without showing visible host infection symptoms [4,5,6].
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