Abstract
A rose hip is the fruit of a rose plant and mostly belongs to Rosa canina and Rosa dumalis. These species are genuine found as wild in natural conditions, while in some countries are cultivated for their hips that are picked and used in a wide variety of preparations. Because they contain a variety of antioxidants, carotenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, leucoanthocyanins and catechins, rose hips are considered to be a good cancer preventative. The Rosa genus has been the focus of many recent studies due to its potential benefic effects on treatment and prevention of several diseases. However, there are few in vitro studies concerning its composition and antioxidant capacity. The aim of the present study was to determine bioactive content, including ascorbic acid, total phenolics, total flavonoids, total carotenoids and antioxidant activity of Rosa dumalis genotypes growing wild in Erzurum province located eastern Anatolia. The results revealed that fruits of Rosa dumalis different genotypes were rich rich in terms of vitamin C, which ranged from 402 to 511 mg/100 g fresh weight base. The total phenolic content varied from 297 to 403 mg/100 g fresh weight. The genotype 'E-09' had the highest total flavonoids content (229 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g fresh weight) and the lowest value was attributed to genotype 'E-04' with 143 mg/ quercetin equivalent/100 g fresh weight. The antioxidant activity of the genotypes was between 12.9-28.6 μg Trolox/ml samples. The results revealed that there was enough diversity among Rosa dumalis genotypes for bioactive content and promising genotypes, with high bioactive content, were determined, which can become study material for future breeding activities.
Highlights
There are various neglected and underutilized fruit tree species grown in different parts of the world, while these fruit species could be exploited directly as foods, or used to obtain valuable natural compounds and derivatives (Kaczmarska et al, 2015; Mishra et al, 2015).Among these wild edible fruits, rose hip belongs to Rosa genus has special emphasize because it has a high vitamin C content among wild and cultivated fruits (Ercisli, 2005).The genus Rosa contains approximately 100 species that are widely distributed in Europe, Asia, the Middle East and North America
Whole rose hips were used for biochemical analysis
Previous studies conducted on different rose hip from genotypes belonging to different Rosa species growing in Turkey showed that the average fruit mass and flesh ratio were variable and ranged between 0.61-7.77 g and respetivley 5680% (Balta and Cam, 1996; Kazankaya et al, 2002; Ercisli and Esitken, 2004)
Summary
There are various neglected and underutilized fruit tree species grown in different parts of the world, while these fruit species could be exploited directly as foods, or used to obtain valuable natural compounds and derivatives (Kaczmarska et al, 2015; Mishra et al, 2015).Among these wild edible fruits, rose hip belongs to Rosa genus has special emphasize because it has a high vitamin C content among wild and cultivated fruits (Ercisli, 2005).The genus Rosa contains approximately 100 species that are widely distributed in Europe, Asia, the Middle East and North America. There are various neglected and underutilized fruit tree species grown in different parts of the world, while these fruit species could be exploited directly as foods, or used to obtain valuable natural compounds and derivatives (Kaczmarska et al, 2015; Mishra et al, 2015). Among these wild edible fruits, rose hip belongs to Rosa genus has special emphasize because it has a high vitamin C content among wild and cultivated fruits (Ercisli, 2005). The domestication of native rose hip species to become a horticultural crop in Turkey began in the 1990s
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