Abstract
ABSTRACT: Heavy metals can meet in the surrounding environment as natural ingredients or from agricultural, industrial and chemical industries. The study was conducted in order to trace the potential of the aquatic plant L. minuta and L. valdiviana for the bioaccumulation of Cu, Cd, and Pb from contaminated water at low levels of these elements. Each of the duckweed species was treated separately with CuSO4.5H2O, CdSO4, Pb SO4 (Valerus, Bulgaria) at 0.5 and 1 mg L-1 concentrations of for 96 hours. After conducting the experiments, relative growth rate (RGR), bioconcentration factor (BCF), tolerant index (Ti) and photosynthetic pigments of two Lemna species were studied. The solution with higher metal concentration more inhibits the growth of macrophytes. The BCF of the metals on the two species were in decreasing order: Cu > Pb > Cd. Our study showed that L. minuta and L. valdiviana at a concentration of 0.5 mg L-1 copper have better affected on the photosynthetic apparatus compared to the control. Better bioaccumulation ability was established in L. minuta compared to L. valdiviana.
Highlights
Heavy metals can meet in the surrounding environment as natural ingredients or from agricultural, industrial and chemical industries
The highest relative growth rate (RGR) reduction of L. minuta was found with Cu (1 mg L-1) treatment which is 76.4% lower compared to control (Figure 1)
Similar results were observed at L. valdiviana where Cu (1 mg L-1) treatment lead to RGR reduction 81% lower compared to control (Figure 2)
Summary
Heavy metals can meet in the surrounding environment as natural ingredients or from agricultural, industrial and chemical industries. The European Water Policy Directive reported that cadmium, nickel and lead are toxic to the aquatic environment and take action to limit them to groundwater (Directive 2000/60/EC). Aquatic plants such as duckweeds are quickly multiply and adjusts to changing conditions in eutrophic ditches and ponds. These aquatic plants are cultivated and have a high sensitivity to pollution (Goswami and Majumder, 2015) Due this reason, the duckweeds are good phytoremediators for different contaminated water bodies (Modlitbová et al, 2018). The study was conducted in order to trace the potential of the aquatic plant L. minuta and L. valdiviana for the bioacumulation of Cu, Cd, and Pb from contaminated water at low levels of these elements
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