Abstract
Biomass-based energy from agricultural wastes is a promising alternative energy source since its abundant supply and renewable. Biomass is converted into gas and liquid fuel through biochemical or thermochemical treatments. In this work, oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) and rice husk are pyrolyzed to produce gas and liquid fuel. The reactor temperature and feed mass are varied to obtain the best operating condition in a semi-batch pyrolysis reactor. The experimental results showed that the best operating temperature in pyrolysis process to produce bio-oils from OPEFB and rice husk was at 500 °C with 4.3 % (w/w) and 2.6 % (w/w) of bio-oil yields, respectively. The pyrolysis product distribution and their chemical composition are strongly affected by operating condition and the types of biomass. The GC-MS analysis results showed that the primary pyrolysis products components consist of hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds such as carboxylic acids, phenols, ketones and aldehydes. Thermodynamic properties such as thermal conductivity of the biomass also influenced the product distribution of the biomass pyrolysis.
Highlights
Increasing population and industrialization in the world caused increasing energy demand globally
The experimental results showed that the best operating temperature in pyrolysis process to produce bio-oils from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) and rice husk was at 500 °C with 4.3 % (w/w) and 2.6 % (w/w) of bio-oil yields, respectively
The pyrolysis product distribution and their chemical composition are strongly affected by operating condition and the types of biomass
Summary
Increasing population and industrialization in the world caused increasing energy demand globally. The world’s energy demand is expected to grow by about 27%, or 3.743 million tons of oil equivalents (MTOE), worldwide from 2017 to 2040 [1]. This situation is related to the availability of fossil fuels or conventional energy sources which are the main energy sources in which fossil fuels meet the needs of more than 80 % of all energy sources [2]. The phenomena prompted many countries to develop renewable energy sources such as biomass-based energy. Since the availability of biomass source is abundant, energy recovery from it is an alternative solution to the present energy crisis
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