Abstract
This work has its origin in the growing demands of energy regulations to meet future local targets and to propose a global implementation framework. A literature review related to conventional electrical energy storage systems has been carried out, presenting different cases analyzed at building scale to deepen in nature-inspired processes that propose reductions in environmental impact and present improvements in these storage devices. The use of batteries, especially lithium-ion batteries, is the most prominent among the electrical storage applications; however, improvements have been proposed through hydrogen batteries or the implementation of more environmentally friendly materials to manufacture the electrodes. In this sense, oriented to creating systems designed to protect the environment, important advances have been made in the development of storage systems based on biomimetic strategies. The latter range from the generation of energy through the respiratory processes of microorganisms to the recreation of the generation, storage, and release of energy using the thermoelectric and thermoregulatory characteristics of some insects. These facts show that the trend in research towards improving existing systems continues but reinforces the idea that new solutions must be environmentally friendly, so there is still a long way to improving the processes established thus far.
Highlights
Increasing demands are identified within their energy regulations, and in order to meet future goals, renewable energy systems have been implemented to supply the amount of energy required in a timely and environmentally friendly manner
It was possible to contemplate the evaluation of the different conventional electric energy storage systems detailing advantages and disadvantages of each one, applied to building scale visualizing that currently the most efficient storage system contemplates batteries
Starting from the point of improving elements in these systems, strategies observed in nature or “pinnacles” that are related to the storage or generation of electricity are sought, demonstrating that, the immediate possibilities of increasing the technical aspects of these systems have not yet been fully investigated, their field of development is quite high, giving way to possible designs of these systems based on biomimetic strategies
Summary
Increasing demands are identified within their energy regulations, and in order to meet future goals, renewable energy systems have been implemented to supply the amount of energy required in a timely and environmentally friendly manner These renewable energy sources need a storage system to supply the demand when the source cannot supply electricity. An extensive literature review of the different conventional electrical storage systems was carried out, together with an application at different scales, such as residential and commercial, to compare them Taking these factors into account, we searched for mechanisms inspired by nature that have the capacity to generate and store electrical energy in order to have a set of pinnacles that serve as a basis for the design of an electrical storage system that reduces the environmental impact. The criteria, principles, and characteristics of how such biomimetic approaches could be used in conventional systems are presented
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