Abstract
Hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of Atalantia monophylla were evaluated for their larvicidal and pupicidal activities against Spodoptera litura. Bioefficacy of A. monophylla leaf extracts were studied leaf disc no choice method at 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0% concentration of crude extracts and 125, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm concentration of fractions against S. litura. The maximum larvicidal and pupicidal activities were noticed in hexane extract of A. monophylla. The hexane extract exhibited the least LC50 value of 2.01% for larvicidal activity and regression value (R 0.98 and Coefficients 9.33 ± 17.1) for concentration dependent larvicidal activity. The hexane extract was fractionated using increasing polarity of solvent system. Twelve fractions were isolated and were evaluated at four different concentrations. Maximum antifeedant, larvicidal and pupicidal activities was noticed in fraction 9 at 1000 ppm concentration. Ninth fraction exhibited concentration dependent antifeedant and larvicidal activities with liner regression of R 0.93, and 0.93 respectively. Least LC50 value of 340.27 ppm was observed in fraction nine for larvicidal activity. All the concentrations of 9th fraction showed good activity.
Highlights
Many synthetic pesticides are used to protect the crops from pests attack around the world which lead to environmental damage and human health due residue in fruits and food [1]
Lower concentration of chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts did not show larvicidal activity. They exhibited less than 50% larvicidal activity at all the tested concentrations
More than 50% pupicidal activity was noticed in fraction 3, 5, 6 and 9 at 1000 ppm concentration (Table 5)
Summary
Many synthetic pesticides are used to protect the crops from pests attack around the world which lead to environmental damage and human health due residue in fruits and food [1]. Baskar et al [5] stated that plant compound inhibit protein, esterase and glutathione S-transferase enzymes activities of Helicoverpa armigera and Earias vittella. (Fabaceae) exhibited antifeedant, larvicidal and growth inhibitory activities (increased larval-pupal duration and pupicidal activity) against H. armigera and S. litura. Natural compound from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth (Lamiaceae) exhibited strong antifeedant and insecticidal activities against S. litura and S. exigua [8]. Many insecticidal properties like antifeedant, larvicidal, growth inhibitory, reduced the adult emergence against H. armigera and E. vittella [14,15] were reported. S. litura is a major destructive pest in most cultivated crops in tropical and subtropical regions It affects more than 90 families of cruciferous vegetables [16]. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antifeedant, larvicidal and pupicidal activities of A. monophylla against S. litura
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