Abstract
Nanoparticles has many properties, especially in treatment of medical field, but the controversy continues about their cytotoxicity. Hence, this research was conducted to estimate the concentration of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in tumor and other organs such as kidney, liver, and spleen after injection GNPs by two routes, intratumor and intraperitoneal to compare between two methods in mice implanted with mammary adenocarcinoma for 28 days. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy was used to measure the GNPs concentrations. The results revealed that the GNPs concentrations were significantly (P≤0.05) increased (3.75±1.75, 2.42 ±0.31 ppm) in kidney tissue after intratumor and intraperitoneal administration, respectively, when compared to the other organs (liver and spleen), followed by tumor mass (2.66±0.01, 1.09 ±0.06 ppm) in tissue. While the concentrations of GNPs in spleen and liver were (1.40 ±0.33, 0.726 ±0.01) and (0.602 ±0.03, 0.517 ±0.02) after intratumor and intraperitoneal administration respectively. Also, the experiment showed that the injection by intratumor was more efficient than intraperitonial method for tumor treatment, so, the nanoparticles were cleared by responsible lymphoid organs of body.
Highlights
The unique properties of nanoparticles encourage the belief that they can be applied in a wide range of fields, from medical applications to environmental sciences, this can lead to increasing the quality of life via early diagnosis and treatment of disease [1]
Other experiments revealed that when the gold nanoparticles (GNPs) entered blood, the plasma protein bound with surface of nanoparticles, protein activation leads to inflammatory responses, or it accumulated in various organs such as liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, and heart, and it can pass to brain via blood-brain barrier, due to the small size of particles [10]
While in the second group, a significant reduction in tumor size occurred after injecting the GNPs by IT method, which was more than that seen in IP method
Summary
The unique properties of nanoparticles encourage the belief that they can be applied in a wide range of fields, from medical applications to environmental sciences, this can lead to increasing the quality of life via early diagnosis and treatment of disease [1]. Due to the small size of nanoparticles, it can be greatly used in oncology, such as biomedical engineering for controlling invasive and metastasis behavior of melanoma cells [2].Various types of nanoparticles (NPs) have been used in delivering anticancer drugs to the site of action. This area has become more attractive in recent years due to the optimal size and negligible undesirable side effects caused by the NPs [3] as. This study was done for investigating the level of cytotoxicity and bio-distribution of GNPs in tumor and vital organs after IT and IP injection
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