Bimetallic metal-organic framework derived 3D hierarchical NiO/Co3O4/C hollow microspheres on biodegradable garbage bag for sensitive, selective, and flexible enzyme-free electrochemical glucose detection

Abstract

Hierarchical NiO/Co 3 O 4 /C hollow architectures acquired from metal organic frameworks on biodegradable corn starch bag is exploited as a binder less and flexible electrochemical probe for high performance enzyme-fee glucose sensor. • NiO/Co 3 O 4 /C hollow architectures were prepared using Ni-Co/MOF sacrificial templates. • Impacts of catalyst’s molecular/electronic structures on GEOR are realized with DFT. • Ni 3+ /Co 4+ centres involved glucose electrooxidation mechanism is validated. • NiO/Co 3 O 4 /C/BCSB demonstrated sensitive, selective and flexible glucose detection. • NiO/Co 3 O 4 /C’s competence in real sample glucose sensing is realized with human serum. The hierarchical hollow architectured NiO/Co 3 O 4 /C is developed using the sacrificial template of Ni-Co MOF and the proximity of Ni(II)/Co(II) ions with organic ligand in Ni-Co MOF accelerates the generation of tightly pinned NiO/Co 3 O 4 nanostructures with carbon. The elevated charge-transfer process among the constituents of as-formulated nanocatalysts and their structural and electronic relationship are established with DFT studies. The hollow architecture of NiO/Co 3 O 4 /C exposes both the inner and outer surfaces for an effectual glucose utilization, whilst the carbon interlaced metal nanoparticles and binary metal oxide synergism enumerate, respectively, the continual electron mobility and catalytically active channels, accelerating NiO/Co 3 O 4 /C loaded Biodegradable corn starch bag’s (BCSB) enzyme-free glucose sensing performance in human serum with high sensitivity and selectivity. The consistent flexible glucose electrooxidation acquired for NiO/Co 3 O 4 /C/BCSB under variant bending angles along with other unique concerts establish the bendable, binder-less, stable, reusable, and eco-friendly electrochemical probes for the evolution of revolutionary electrochemical diagnosis devices.