Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To examine the association between somatic syndromes and long COVID through a pre-registered cross-sectional survey. Methods United States adults (N = 2872) participated in an online survey detailing health history, including somatic syndrome and long COVID status. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine pre-COVID-19 somatic syndromes as a predictor of long COVID, as well as long COVID as a predictor of post-COVID-19 somatic syndromes. Results Of the 2872 participants, 562 (19.6%) developed long COVID, and 949 (33.0%) reported a prior somatic syndrome. Participants were on average 41.3 years (SD = 18.5), female (51.7%), White (87.7%), and non-Hispanic or Latino/a/x (84.1%). Having a pre-COVID-19 somatic syndrome increased the adjusted odds of long COVID by nearly three times (aOR = 2.80, 95% CI [2.25, 3.49], p < 0.001). Each additional somatic syndrome was significantly associated with increased adjusted odds of long COVID (aOR = 1.61, 95% CI [1.48, 1.76], p < 0.001). Long COVID was significantly associated with the adjusted odds of a post-infection somatic syndrome (aOR = 10.90, 95% CI [8.38, 14.17], p < 0.001). Conclusion Somatic syndromes and long COVID were associated with each other.
Published Version
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