Better blood pressure control with the nanoformulation of antihypertensive drugs.

Abstract

Hypertension is very common and a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, strokes, and death. However, at present only 14% of patients of developing countries have their blood pressure (BP) well controlled. The causes for the failure to control the BP are multiple and one of them could be the formulation of antihypertensive drugs. The recent development of nanotechnology by incorporating the drugs into nanoparticles is a new promising field of nanomedicine and preliminary studies have shown this nanoformulation to be more effective in the treatment of hypertension than the existing drug formulations. Another recent development is the nanoformulation of genes used for the treatment of hypertension and CVDs. For current information, a Medline search was contacted between 2017 and 2024 and 36 pertinent papers were selected. The nanoformulations of drugs help achieve better drug concentrations, improve drug stability, low solubility, short half life, oral bioavailability, narrow therapeutic index, and poor pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, and decrease the adverse effects of antihypertensive drugs. Also, the nanoformulation of genes for the treatment of hypertension has been shown in preliminary studies to be effective, but more research is needed.