Beta-Lactam Resistance and Phenotypic Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase in Entero bacteriaceae Isolated from Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infections can affect all individuals, regardless of gender and age, occupying a prominent place in nephrological pathology. The biggest problem is that a pathology with a wide range of antibiotics and other hygiene measures that can remedy it, remains so frequent with sometimes serious complications that can compromise the vital prognosis.
 Objectives: To determine antibiogram profile of enterobacteria in urinary infections.
 Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study with an analytical aim of enterobacteria isolated from urinary infections from samples from patients of all ages from January 1, 2020 to October 21, 2022.
 Results: the isolated enterobacteria strains presented high rates of resistance, i.e. 92.61% for Ampicillin, 47.94% for cefadroxil, 45.14% for cefuroxime and 46.46% for cefotaxime, 72.86% for amoxicillin and 40.44% for amoxicillin + clavulanic acid. Qualitative detection of extended spectrum Beta Lactamase was generally evaluated at 24.8% with peaks for Citrobacter sp, Klebsiella sp and E coli. For the latter, cross-resistance to quinolones was evaluated in proportions ranging from 49.45% to 85.51%.
 Conclusion: This study shows that the level of resistance of enterobacteria to beta-lactams is very high. We have observed co-resistance between beta-lactams and quinolones, antibiotics commonly used against Gram-Negative bacteria. This observation requires an improvement in the antibiotic management policy.