Abstract
Beta diversity was measured in fynbos and non-fynbos (forest and thicket) vegetation along parallel environmental gradients. Beta diversity was estimated using an eigenvector and a graphical method and was expressed as half-changes (HC) of floristic composition. The two methods gave similar results of about five half-changes in fynbos and nine half-changes in non-fynbos along parallel 420 m elevational gradients. These values indicate very high levels of species turnover. The diversity patterns could be explained largely by the biogeographic complexity and historical events specific to the south-eastern Cape.
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