Abstract
This paper proposes a method for restoring the nominal frequency and improving the system recovery time using battery energy storage system (BESS) for an islanded microgrid (MG) which is operated by a black start unit (BSU). The frequency stability is controlled by varying the apparent power (MVA) rating of the BESS after simultaneously connecting with the BSU during the post fault scenarios. Simulations are performed on the IEEE Std. 399-1997 test MG using DIgSILENT PowerFactory. Results show that the nominal frequency of the system can be retained by connecting the BESS during the transient period and increasing the MVA rating up to a maximum value. Simulation results also show that with a higher distributed connection of the BESS units over the system, the frequency recovery time can be reduced.
Highlights
This paper proposes a method for restoring the nominal frequency and improving the system recovery time using battery energy storage system (BESS) for an islanded microgrid (MG) which is operated by a black start unit (BSU)
This paper proposes a frequency management system (FMS) to control the frequency of an MG during the transient period with the help of BESSs
To improve the frequency stability, BESS is initially connected at bus 28 and its apparent power is varied to see the impact it has on frequency
Summary
Frequency stability is a major concern in the power sector as frequency deviation can greatly hamper the system and damage the connected loads. Frequency stability in an MG was proposed by incorporating dump load and BESS to dissipate the supplementary power [10]. It has been identified that most of the literature did not consider stabilizing frequency by controlling the transient period. This paper proposes a frequency management system (FMS) to control the frequency of an MG during the transient period with the help of BESSs. A methodology is proposed that enables system planners to choose the appropriate size of BESS required to obtain nominal frequency after BSU starts operating. The paper is arranged as follows: Section II describes the effect of real and reactive power on frequency in an MG and section III provides the model of a BESS.
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