Abstract
A 12-week nutritional research was conducted to evaluate the influences of benfotiamine on the growth performance, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in Megalobrama amblycephala (45.25 ± 0.34 g) fed high-carbohydrate (HC) diets. Six diets were prepared, containing the control diet (30% carbohydrate, C), the HC diet (43% carbohydrate) and the HC diet supplemented with four benfotiamine levels (0.7125 (HCB1), 1.425 (HCB2), 2.85 (HCB3) and 5.7 (HCB4) mg/kg). HC diet remarkably decreased DGC, GRMBW, liver T-AOC, SOD and CAT activities, SIRT1 protein expression as well as the mRNA levels of SIRT1, Nrf2, CAT, Mn-SOD and IL10 in liver compared with the C group, but the opposite trend was found in plasma activities of AST and ALT, and contents of IL1β and IL6, liver contents of MDA and mRNA levels of Keap1, NF-κB, TNF α, IL1β, IL6, Bax, caspase 3, caspase 9 and P53. As for benfotiamine supplementation, HCB2 diet remarkably increased DGC, GRMBW, liver T-AOC, SOD and CAT activities, SIRT1 protein expression as well as liver mRNA levels of SIRT1, Nrf2, CAT, Mn-SOD, IL10 and Bcl2, while the opposite was true for plasma AST and ALT activities, and IL1β and IL6 contents, liver MDA contents as well as mRNA levels of Keap1, NF-κB, TNF α, IL1β, IL6, Bax, caspase 3, caspase 9 and P53. In summary, benfotiamine (1.425 mg/kg) promoted the growth, and alleviated the oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis of M. amblycephala fed HC diets through the SIRT1-mediated signaling pathway.
Highlights
Carbohydrates (CHO) are the most economical energy source for animals including fish, due to their abundance and relatively low price [1]
Plasma activities of AST and ALT, and levels of interleukin 1β (IL1β) and interleukin 6 (IL6) as well as hepatic MDA contents of the HC group were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of the C group, while the opposite was true for liver total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), SOD and CAT activities (Table 4)
Dietary benfotiamine supplementation led to a decrease of plasma AST and ALT activities, and IL1β and IL6 levels as well as hepatic MDA contents, but the opposite was true for liver T-AOC, SOD and CAT activities
Summary
Carbohydrates (CHO) are the most economical energy source for animals including fish, due to their abundance and relatively low price [1]. Most fish species (especially carnivorous ones) have limited ability to utilize dietary carbohydrates for energy purposes compared with mammals [2, 3]. This inadequate ability is characterized by prolonged postprandial hyperglycemia after a glucose loading or the intake of high-carbohydrate diets and even impaired growth [1]. Researchers used several approaches such as metabolomics and transcriptomics to evaluate diet-induced metabolic syndromes in fish Results from these studies suggested the glucose intolerance in fish is closely implicated in the impairment of immunity induced by highcarbohydrate diet [4,5,6]. Information regarding the effects of this substance on aquatic animals is extremely scarce
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