Abstract
Many observational and clinical studies have shown that consumption of diets rich in plant polyphenols have beneficial effects on various diseases such as cancer, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Animal and cellular studies have indicated that these polyphenolic compounds contribute to such effects. The representative polyphenols are epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate in tea, chlorogenic acids in coffee, resveratrol in wine, and curcumin in curry. The results of human studies have suggested the beneficial effects of consumption of these foods on NDDs including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, and cellular animal experiments have provided molecular basis to indicate contribution of these representative polyphenols to these effects. This article provides updated information on the effects of these foods and their polyphenols on NDDs with discussions on mechanistic aspects of their actions mainly based on the findings derived from basic experiments.
Highlights
We provide updated information on the effects of these foods and their representative polyphenols on neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) with discussions on mechanistic aspects of their actions mainly based on laboratory findings from cellular and animal experiments
This review article shows that considerable amounts of human observational and intervention studies have revealed the beneficial effects of consumption of tea, coffee, wine, and curry and their principal polyphenols on NDDs
The inconsistent results may be due to confounding factors including differences in study design, the method of quantifying consumption, beverage temperature, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and differences in genetic and environmental factors such as race, gender, age, lifestyle, intestinal microbiota, and genetic polymorphisms [1,5,199]
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Using APP/PS1 transgenic mice, a mouse model of cerebral amyloid deposition, diet supplementation of RSV during 15 weeks resulted in a reduction of Aβ levels and amyloid deposition in the cerebral cortex possibly through inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin to trigger autophagy and lysosomal degradation of Aβ These authors demonstrated that orally administered RSV was detected in the brain and caused an increase in cytosolic calcium to promote calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-β (CaMKK-β)-dependent activation of 50 -AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Further studies may provide benefits of CRC in AD patients
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