Abstract
This study examined the bending effects of a thermally-expanded-core (TEC) fiber for an application as an in-line variable optical attenuator (VOA). The effects of the structural parameters of the TEC fiber and the refractive index of the external medium surrounding the clad layer on the bending loss are experimentally investigated and the device structure and fabrication process of the VOA are presented. The desired attenuation is obtained by mechanical bending of the TEC fiber. A wide range of attenuation exceeding 55 dB and low excess loss of <0.2 dB at 1550 nm are achieved.
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