Abstract
Since 2012 the Dutch metropolitan area (The metropole region of Amsterdam, the city of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague, Utrecht ) cooperate in finding the best way to stimulate electric mobility through the implementation of a public charging infrastructure. With more than 5600 charge points and 1.6 million charge sessions in the last two years this is one of the most extensively used public charging infrastructure available worldwide. In this paper a benchmark study is carried out to identify different charge patterns between these 5 leading areas with an extensive public charging infrastructure to establish whether and how charge behaviour (e.g. charged volume, capacity utilization, unique users) differs between cities. Based on the results first explanations for possible differences in charge patterns between cities will be provided. The study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the utilization of public charging infrastructure in a metropolitan area existing of four city centres and the Amsterdam metropolitan area and to provide input for policy makers to prepare a public charging infrastructure ready for the projected growth of electric mobility in the next five years.
Highlights
Since a couple of years the Dutch metropolitan area (The metropole region of Amsterdam, the city of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague, and Utrecht) cooperate in finding the best way to stimulate electric mobility
Objective of this paper is to present research findings regarding differences in charge behaviour and charge patterns between the five – in terms of available public charging infrastructure - leading cities in the Netherlands: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague, Utrecht and the Metropole region of Amsterdam (MRA)
The few studies using the infrastructure as a subject of study have been using descriptive statistics as a means to compare the utilization often at an individual level or at the characteristics of these charge points such as the location or the roll-out strategy
Summary
Since a couple of years the Dutch metropolitan area (The metropole region of Amsterdam, the city of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague, and Utrecht) cooperate in finding the best way to stimulate electric mobility. By the end of 2015 a comprehensive and innovative grid has been created of more than 5600 charge points in the city areas. In the last two years more than 1.6 million charge sessions were recorded. This is one of the most extensive urban coverages of public charging infrastructure worldwide. In the coming years the municipalities will invest in the further development of charging infrastructure to grow from 5600 to more than 8.500 charge points in 2018
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