Abstract
The article traces the interaction of two neighbouring peoples: Belarusians and Ukrainians. Initially, the historical contacts of the two peoples are analysed. The beginning of contacts was established during the residence of individual East Slavic tribes on these lands. Emphasis is placed on cohabitation in various states over the centuries (the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Rzeczpospolita, the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union). The importance of the creation in 1918 of the Belarusian and Ukrainian people’s republics is revealed: this fact made it possible to create ersatz-states within the framework of the Soviet Union (Belarusian and Ukrainian SSR). On the basis of linguistic, historical and demographic analysis, the existence of a cross-border region – Polesia – is indicated, where the Belarusian and Ukrainian ethnic groups mix the most.
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