Behavior of trifloxystrobin and propineb as combi-product in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and their risk assessment for human health.

Abstract

Fungicides have their own unique characteristics and modes of action; a combination formulation of trifloxystrobin and propineb was applied to tomatoes for their dissipation kinetics and to ensure consumer safety. The combi-product was applied at a 10-day interval with standard (61.25 + 1072.75 g a.i. ha-1 ) and double (122.5 + 2145.50 g a.i. ha-1 ) doses. The efficient analytical method was established using the QuEChERS approach followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The maximum residue levels of 0.15 and 0.35 mg kg-1 of trifloxystrobin were detected in tomato fruits immediately after application at standard and double doses, respectively. The corresponding levels of propineb as carbon disulfide were 0.47 and 0.90 mg kg-1 , respectively. Considering trifloxystrobin (0.7 mg kg-1 ) codex MRL and propineb as dithiocarbamate (3.0 mg kg-1 ) EU-MRL in tomato, a PHI of 1 day can be proposed. The anticipated residue contributions of both fungicides were far less than the acceptable daily intake. The targeted hazard quotient and hazard index were also less than one for both fungicides. Furthermore, the theoretical maximum residue contribution was less than its maximum permissible intake, which indicates that the consumption of tomatoes containing the measured value of each fungicide residue could not pose any health risks.