Abstract
From a practical viewpoint, cyanobacteria have two opposite aspects: one is that some of the species participate in water bloom, and the other is that they may be used in agriculture as a biofertilizer. Akinete, a dormant cell, is the key to the engineering analysis of both cases. In order to analyze the behavior of cyanobacteria in water, Anabaena cylindrica, a filamentous cyanobacterium, was investigated in terms of the behavior of algal biomass in a water column and its characteristics in akinete formation. The algal culture transferred to a glass cylinder settled down initially and then floated to the surface of the water column, forming an algal mat due to oxygen bubbles generated extracellularly by photosynthesis. The differentiation of vegetative cells into akinetes was not induced by light limitation but iron depletion. Akinetes tended to separate from trichomes and settle down because their density is higher than that of water. This phenomenon suggests an operational method for removing the source of water bloom from an aquatic environment, or harvesting akinetes as the seed of biofertilizers.
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