Abstract
The processes of lateral and riverbank erosion are among the elements of river morphology dynamic resulting from natural processes and human activities. This process has been studied in detail throughout the research for four months starting from 7 October 2009 to 26 January 2010. In this research, technique of erosion pins were applied at five plots selected along the Chini River in Pahang, Malaysia in order to evaluate the rate of for lateral and river bank erosion. The results in the lateral erosion indicates that, the average highest erosion was recorded at plot 4 (3 cm), followed by plot 3 (2.3 cm), plot 2 (1.42 cm), plot 1 (1.2 cm) and plot 5 recorded the lowest average which is 0.59 cm respectively. Overall, the total average of lateral erosion recorded at all five plots is 8.51 cm. Meanwhile, results obtained from river cross-section variation indicated that plot 1 and 2 show changes from the V shape in early observation to U shape at the end of the observation period. This shows that side-erosion was active in the entire process. Furthermore, plot 3, 4 and 5 remained U shape until the latest observation but it was found that the riverbed was getting shallow. For the regression analysis, two independent variables were selected to relate with rate of river bank erosion namely steep gradient bank height of the bank. These independent variables show a positive relationship with the rate of the side and river bank erosion where the value of r2 is 0.820 and 0.645 for both variable of gradient and height. For the analysis of soil particle distribution, the mean value is a sand and very coarse with phi ø -2.00 to phi ø 0.00. The standard Deviation (D) indicates of worst deposition, between phi ø 1.00 to phi ø 4.00. Skewness (S) shows very small size to oversize which is between phi ø -1.00 to phi ø +1.00 and the value of Kurtosis (K) for this river is dominated by grain size mesokurtic and platikurtic. Therefore, the Slope Stabilization or river bank slope protection of River Chini area is proposed to reduce the river bank erosion and sediment production.
Highlights
Overall, the erosion of rivers in Malaysia is still in a normal condition some rivers are eroding severely
The study was taken place at Chini River which happened within the period of four months where it started in the middle of October 2009 until at the end of January 2010
The erosion problem on the side of the river bank is a serious problem occurs along rivers in Malaysia
Summary
The erosion of rivers in Malaysia is still in a normal condition some rivers are eroding severely. Mohd Ekhwan Toriman et al / American Journal of Environmental Science 9 (4): 292-300, 2013 of the collapsed structure and the last factor is the movement of the soil at the top of the banks due to the increase of water content during the flood. Bank erosion process is an important element in the formation of the earth, rivers, drainage design changes and content changes during the deposition of hard rock in the river (Lawler, 1993).
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