Abstract
The bearing capacity of layered soil studies was carried out with various approaches such as experimental, theoretical, numerical, and combination of them. This work is focused on the settlement and bearing capacity of shallow foundations subjected to the vertical load placed on the surface of layered soils. The experimental part was performed by manufacturing soil cubic container (570 mm x 570 mm x 570 mm). A model square footing of width 60 mm was placed at the surface of the soil bed. The relative density of sand was constant at 60%, and the clay was prepared with a density of 19.2 (kN/m3) and water content of 14.6%. PLAXIS 3D FEM was used to simulate the experimental tests and performing a parametric study. The results showed that there was a good agreement between experimental work and corresponding numerical results. The value of the bearing capacity was obtained from load-settlement curve. The bearing capacity of layered soil showed higher value for footing resting on clay over sand soil. It was found that an increase in the ultimate bearing capacity regarding the clay over sand with increasing in first layer thickness ratio; while, a decrease has been indicated for the sand over clay. The critical depth was found at H = (2-3m), and the failure pattern was not unique for layered soil.
Highlights
In geotechnical engineering, the major topic is a behaviour related to shallow foundations on the soil
From field and laboratory test results, it has been indicated that bearing capacity regarding circular footings on a granular filling layer over the soft clay soil has been increasing up to 78% depending on granular filling layer thickness with regard to various footing diameters
It is well known that a wide range of the results can be obtained from the PLAXIS-3D 2013 software, but the output was limited to what needed for the comparison with experimental tests
Summary
The major topic is a behaviour related to shallow foundations on the soil. The ultimate bearing capacity which is related to shallow footings was considered as challenging amongst the geotechnical engineers and researchers. The foundation’s ultimate bearing capacity can be well-defined as the load where the shear failure which is related to soil beneath the foundation happens Shoaei et al [1]. A lot of significant examples exist for the tasks of the foundation engineering where it might be of high importance to involve the impact of soil layers when assessing the bearing capacity. Lab tests have been performed and finite element simulations of these tests using the finite element program PLAXIS 3-D were conducted for investigating the ultimate bearing capacity in addition to the settlement and mode of failure layered soil under a vertical central load
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