BCS-BEC crossover in symmetric nuclear matter at finite temperature: Pairing fluctuation and pseudogap

Abstract

By adopting a $T$-matrix-based method within the ${G}_{0}G$ approximation for the pair susceptibility, we studied the effects of pairing fluctuation on the BCS-BEC crossover in symmetric nuclear matter. The pairing fluctuation induces a pseudogap in the excitation spectrum of a nucleon in both superfluid and normal phases. The critical temperature of the superfluid transition was calculated. It differs from the BCS result remarkably when density is low. We also computed the specific heat, which shows a nearly ideal BEC-type temperature dependence at low density, but a BCS-type behavior at high density. This qualitative change of the temperature dependence of specific heat may serve as a thermodynamic signal for the BCS-BEC crossover.