Abstract
High Performance (HP) battery electric vehicle (BEV) and racing applications represent significantly different use cases than those associated with conventional consumer vehicles and road driving. The differences between HP use cases and the duty-cycles embodied within established battery test standards will lead to unrepresentative estimates for battery life and performance within a HP application. A strategic requirement exists to define a methodology that may be used to create a representative HP duty-cycle. Within this paper two methods HP duty-cycle design are evaluated and validated. Extensive simulation results into the electrical performance and heat generation within the battery highlight that the new HP duty-cycles provide a more representative duty-cycle compared to traditional battery test standards. The ability to more accurately predict the performance requirements for the battery system within this emerging and strategically important BEV sector will support a range of engineering functions. In addition, the ability to more accurately define the use-case for a HP-BEV will underpin ongoing experimentation and mathematical modelling to quantify the associated cell ageing and degradation that may occur within HP vehicle applications.
Highlights
High Performance (HP) battery electric vehicles (BEV) and electric vehicle (EV) racing applications represent significantly different use cases than those associated with conventional consumer EVs and road driving
Research presented within [24] describes a time-frequency domain swapping algorithm by which a signal is constructed which matches a user imposed amplitude spectrum ðf ðf kÞ) in the frequency domain and whose phases are optimised to match a desired inverse Cumulative Distribution Function in the time domain
By performing a Fourier series, via the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) routine for all duty-cycles in the database, the amplitudes and frequencies of the power demand pulses that a battery would be most subject to in HP driving are identified
Summary
High Performance (HP) battery electric vehicles (BEV) and electric vehicle (EV) racing applications represent significantly different use cases than those associated with conventional consumer EVs and road driving. Such HP-BEVs are typically driven to the performance limits of the vehicle or the capabilities of the driver. The authors present experimental data, including driver pedal input and system power demands, for the vehicle being driven on the Magny-Cours racing circuit in France Their analysis highlight significant proportions of time spent at peak demand (full-throttle), in addition to rapid transitions from vehicle acceleration and braking. For a BEV, such a usage profile would translate to extended periods of time when the battery system is under full electrical load for charging or discharging
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