Basic scientific principles for the selection of effective anti-erosion technologies for the soil protection system of minimal tillage in the southern regions of the Russian Federation

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of existing research in the field of evidence-based anti-erosion technologies for tillage. The main principles of soil-protective resource-saving agriculture are disclosed, such as: reduction of tillage; preservation of plant residues on the surface; use of crop rotations for three types of botanical crops. A scientific substantiation of the principles for choosing effective anti-erosion technologies for a soil protection system of minimal tillage and a complex of soil-cultivating technical means for the southern regions of the Russian Federation is given, taking into account the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of their application. For technologies, such scientific principles as: reduction of tillage operations; preservation of plant residues on the surface of the cultivated soil layer and sowing of cover crops; the use of crop rotations. For the technical means used in the anti-erosion technologies of the soil protection system of minimum tillage, the following principles are considered: environmental safety; the quality of the products received; energy efficiency; the use of digital technologies, taking into account the rational management of the quality of tillage. The application of the developed scientific principles for the selection of effective anti-erosion technologies of the soil protection system of minimum tillage with the appropriate set of technical means of tillage will ensure the efficient production of environmentally friendly and high-quality products of the crop complex of the Russian Federation, while the selected set of machines and cultivation technology should have a minimal negative impact on the environment.