Basic responses of mesenchymal stem cells exposed to bovine biomaterial and platelet rich fibrin

Janaína Lima Heymovski,Moira Pedroso Leão,Leonel Alves De Oliveira,Sabrina Cunha Da Fonseca,Lisley Janowski Spisila,Denis Roberto Falcão Spina,Rafaela Araújo Mendes,Roberto Da Rocha Leão Neto,Célia Regina Cavichiolo Franco,Tatiana Miranda Deliberador,Eduardo Discher Vieira,Victoria Cruz Cavalari,João César Zielak,Jeferson Luis De Oliveira Stroparo,Carla Castiglia Gonzaga

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i11.19134

Abstract

The scaffolds and their interaction with mesenchymal stem cells are objects of study in bioengineering and tissue repair. Mechanisms such as surface adhesion, proliferation, viability, and cytotoxicity are essential for the development of therapies. The present study analyzed the influence of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in viability, cytotoxicity, and proliferation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) exposed to bovine biomaterial surfaces. The studied groups were divided and analyzed as follows: (S) only SHED as control Group; (SB) SHED + biomaterial; (SBP) SHED + biomaterial + PRF. Analyses of cells seeded in 24-well plates were performed after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Individual groups were subjected to viability, cytotoxicity and cell proliferation tests using neutral red, MTT and crystal violet, respectively; and in the 72-hour group, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to record cell ultra-morphology. Data were submitted to statistical analysis by two-factor ANOVA with a significance level of 5%. The results demonstrated a better performance in the viability/cytotoxicity and proliferation of stem cells for the group (SBP) in comparison to the group (SB) and the group (S). The applied statistical tests showed that the biomaterial factor, time, and interaction between them gave rise to results with statistical significance. SHED submitted to bovine biomaterial were more viable, proliferative and with lower toxicity when associated with PRF. PRF seemed to activate the metabolism of stem cells in culture, indicating that such an association can bring an effective benefit in clinical outcome.

Highlights

Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of multidisciplinary approaches with the aim to improve or replace biological tissues (Huawei et al 2019) and it is highly applied in reconstructive surgery procedures such as bone augmentation
Mesenchymal stem cells can be obtained from other sources, such as adipose, stromal fraction of bone, dental pulp tissues (Strauer et al, 2008) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) (Miura et al, 2003), for use in regenerative medicine for bone tissue repair
Another important element to be considered is cell interaction with osseocondutor mineralized biomaterials when acting the basic components of scaffolds and play a fundamental role in bone tissue engineering (Huawei et al, 2019)

Summary

Introduction

Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of multidisciplinary approaches with the aim to improve or replace biological tissues (Huawei et al 2019) and it is highly applied in reconstructive surgery procedures such as bone augmentation. SHED represent a viable source for mesenchymal stem cells obtained, once the young human being has twenty opportunities for collection, because of the deciduous teeth natural process of exfoliation Another important element to be considered is cell interaction with osseocondutor mineralized biomaterials when acting the basic components of scaffolds and play a fundamental role in bone tissue engineering (Huawei et al, 2019). Xenogenic sources, such as bovine, are extensively (Precheur, 2007) due to their ultrastructural characteristics, which can drive the development of new bone tissue. Osteoconductive materials are biocompatible of a bone neoformed structure (Moraschini et al, 2015)

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