Bases para un programa de mejora de alpacas en la region altoandina de Huancavelica-Perú

Abstract

The research was developed in 544 Huacaya alpacas of white color located in 19 centers of production of the Region of Huancavelica, located a rank of altitude between 4000 and 4800 meters above sea level. Before the shearing, approxi-mately 20 g sample were taken from fleece of the mid side and after the shearing the grease fleece weight (PVG), sex, age and productive unit was registered of each animal. Fibre diameter (DF), coefficient of variation of fibre diameter (CVDF) and the prickle factor (FP) was determined using the Sirolan-Laserscan. In function to the collected data the exposition of an improvement scheme was made and on it we considered the answer to the selection under two scenarios. The means± S.E. of PVG, DF, CVDF and FP were of 2300±39 g, 21.56±0.12 mm, 22.82±0.12% and 6.33±0.30% respectively. Variation of PVG and DF show significance (p<0.01) for sex, age and productive unit, whereas variations of PF has significance (p<0.01) for age and unit of production and variations of CVFD was only for productive unit (p<0.01). When the relations between the four variables of the fibre were analyzed, only was significance between DF and FP, DF and PVG, CVDF and FP, and CVDF and DF. About these considerations the scheme of improvement leads to a formation of a nucleus elite of reproducers formed by 50 males who could mating to best the 1100 females of the animals with records. The annual genetic gain prediction, in an individual selection is between 57 and 78 g for GFW and -0.17 and -0.23 mm for FD; whereas, in economic values the annual genetic gain prediccion in a selection by index is between $0.83 and $1.14 depending if a pessimist or optimist scenario is considered.