Baseline Oxidative Stress Is Associated with Memory Changes in Omega-3 Fatty Acid Treated Coronary Artery Disease Patients.

Graham Mazereeuw,Nathan Herrmann,Gustavo Scola,Paul I Oh,Ana C Andreazza,David W L Ma,Krista L Lanctôt

doi:10.1155/2017/3674371

Abstract

Objective This study investigated whether pretreatment oxidative stress, measured by lipid hydroperoxides (LPH), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), 8-isoprostane (8-ISO), and malondialdehyde (MDA), was associated with improvement in immediate recall among n-3 PUFA-treated coronary artery disease patients. Methods This was a secondary analysis of the CAROTID trial (NCT00981383). Composite immediate recall, measured using the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition, and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, was assessed. LPH, 4-HNE, 8-ISO, MDA, and n-3 PUFA concentrations were analysed from fasting blood. Patients then received either n-3 PUFA treatment or placebo for 12 weeks, after which composite immediate recall was reassessed. Linear regression was used to investigate relationships between lipid peroxidation markers and changes in composite immediate recall in each treatment group. Results Eighty-five patients (age = 61.1 ± 8.5, 77% male, mean years of education = 15.3 ± 3.4) were included (n = 46 placebo, n = 39 n-3 PUFA). After adjusting for multiple comparisons and potential confounders, greater baseline concentrations of LPH (β = 0.45, p = .002) and 4-HNE (β = 0.38, p = .005) were associated with greater improvement in composite immediate recall among n-3 PUFA-treated patients. No other associations were observed. Conclusions N-3 PUFA treatment may be more likely to improve immediate recall in patients with greater oxidative stress.

Highlights

Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) more commonly demonstrate subtle cognitive deficits [1, 2] and are at increased risk for dementia relative to those without CAD [3, 4]
This study investigated whether baseline concentrations of the oxidative stress markers lipid hydroperoxides (LPH), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), 8-isoprostane (8-ISO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were associated with improvement in immediate recall among n-3 PUFA-treated CAD patients
Greater baseline concentrations of LPH and 4-HNE were significantly associated with greater improvement in composite immediate recall among patients receiving 12 weeks of n-3 PUFA treatment (Table 2, Figure 1), after correcting for multiple comparisons

Summary

Introduction

Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) more commonly demonstrate subtle cognitive deficits [1, 2] and are at increased risk for dementia relative to those without CAD [3, 4]. As no preventative treatments for dementia currently exist, the potential procognitive effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation have been investigated by a multitude of clinical trials [7, 8], including a recent trial in CAD patients [9]. Immediate recall response to n-3 PUFA treatment is heterogeneous and this heterogeneity is likely unrelated to study-level differences [7] These findings suggest that pathophysiological differences between patients may be a potential factor in treatmentresponse variability

Methods

Results

Conclusion