Abstract
BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, one way to reduce further transmissions of SARS-CoV-2 is the widespread use of contact tracing apps. Such apps keep track of proximity contacts and warn contacts of persons who tested positive for an infection.ObjectiveIn this study, we analyzed potential barriers to the large-scale adoption of the official contact tracing app that was introduced in Germany on June 16, 2020.MethodsSurvey data were collected from 3276 adults during the week the app was introduced using an offline-recruited, probability-based online panel of the general adult population in Germany.ResultsWe estimate that 81% of the population aged 18 to 77 years possess the devices and ability to install the official app and that 35% are also willing to install and use it. Potential spreaders show high access to devices required to install the app (92%) and high ability to install the app (91%) but low willingness (31%) to correctly adopt the app, whereas for vulnerable groups, the main barrier is access (62%).ConclusionsThe findings suggest a pessimistic view on the effectiveness of app-based contact tracing to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. We recommend targeting information campaigns at groups with a high potential to spread the virus but who are unwilling to install and correctly use the app, in particular men and those aged between 30 and 59 years. In addition, vulnerable groups, in particular older individuals and those in lower-income households, may be provided with equipment and support to overcome their barriers to app adoption.
Highlights
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, millions of people worldwide have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 [1]
The findings suggest a pessimistic view on the effectiveness of app-based contact tracing to contain the COVID-19 pandemic
This paper examines to what extent this goal is likely to be achieved in Germany by providing answers to the following research question: What proportions of the general population aged 18 to 77 years in Germany (1) have access to the devices required to install the official contact tracing app, (2) are able to install it, and (3) are willing to install the app, use it, and act according to its recommendations?
Summary
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, millions of people worldwide have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 [1]. Many countries have introduced lockdowns to reduce the number of new infections to a level that allows national health systems to treat all patients effectively despite the additional influx of seriously ill people [3]. During the COVID-19 pandemic, one way to reduce further transmissions of SARS-CoV-2 is the widespread use of contact tracing apps. Such apps keep track of proximity contacts and warn contacts of persons who tested positive for an infection
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