Abstract
Barbiturates are used extensively within medicine for their sedative-hypnotic properties and are classified into short- and long-acting drugs. Their primary mechanism of action is through binding of the central γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor and therefore many of the clinical manifestations of toxicity are related to their GABA-ergic effects. The duration of these effects is related to the half-life of each specific agent and may be augmented by any coingestants. Treatment of barbiturates in a minor overdose setting is usually supportive but severe overdoses can include interventions such as gastrointestinal decontamination and dialysis.
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