Abstract
This work presents the design and optimization of an antenna with defected ground structure (DGS) using characteristic mode analysis (CMA) to enhance bandwidth. This DGS is integrated with a rectangular patch with circular meandered rings (RPCMR) in a wearable format fully using textiles for wireless body area network (WBAN) application. For this integration process, both CMA and the method of moments (MoM) were applied using the same electromagnetic simulation software. This work characterizes and estimates the final shape and dimensions of the DGS using the CMA method, aimed at enhancing antenna bandwidth. The optimization of the dimensions and shape of the DGS is simplified, as the influence of the substrates and excitation is first excluded. This optimizes the required time and resources in the design process, in contrast to the conventional optimization approaches made using full wave “trial and error” simulations on a complete antenna structure. To validate the performance of the antenna on the body, the specific absorption rate is studied. Simulated and measured results indicate that the proposed antenna meets the requirements of wideband on-body operation.
Highlights
Wearable antennas have recently received considerable attention due to their costeffectiveness, light weight, flexibility, and ease of integration into clothes [1,2,3,4]
Characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is a method used in electromagnetics, which provides insight into the inherent resonant characteristics of a structure by finding and examining the structure’s basic modes [10,11,12,13]
The basic concept of defected ground structure (DGS) is based on a so-called photonic bandgap (PBG) structure, with “defects” that are etched in the ground plane
Summary
Wearable antennas have recently received considerable attention due to their costeffectiveness, light weight, flexibility, and ease of integration into clothes [1,2,3,4]. The defected ground structure (DGS) technique is very commonly used in literature for improving bandwidth while maintaining structural simplicity It involves the integration of single or multiple slots in the ground plane of planar circuits and antennas. This work presents an optimized planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) structure with DGS integrated on its ground plane. The optimization procedure for both the DGS shape and its location is performed by studying the resonant modes of the ground plane using the CMA approach. This results in an optimized method to identify the bandwidth increase for the proposed PIFA with DGS.
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