Bandwidth enhancement by using parasitic patch on dielectric resonator antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G NR bands application

Abstract

In this Research article, a circularly polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) that operates in the sub-6 GHz spectrum for future 5G New Radio (5G NR) applications has been proposed. The novel design consists of a Roman Three shaped conformal metal strip excited through a singly fed mechanism. The proposed technique is responsible for circular polarization by exciting the higher-order degenerate modes, i.e., TExδ13 and TEy1δ3.Initially, the roman three shape design produces a narrow 10-dB impedance bandwidth of 10.68% (3.23–3.59 GHz) and axial ratio bandwidth of just 1.47% (3.35–3.41 GHz); to cover the whole 5G NR Bands (n77/n78), the parasitic patch has been introducing at an optimum location on rectangular DRA, such arrangement not only improves impedance matching |S11 | ≤ −10 dB bandwidth by 180 %, i.e., 27.73% (3.26 – 4.35 GHz) but also cover the desired band. Along with this, a noteworthy improvement of ∼ 250% in 3-dB overlapping axial ratio (AR) bandwidth has been attained. In parallel to the Sub-6 GHz 5G NR Bands applications, this antenna can be used for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) applications. Finally, the fabricated antenna prototype is tested and offers decent performance in desired parameters. The measured results agree reasonably with simulation results.