Bamboo-Based Carbon/Co/CoO Heterojunction Structures Based on a Multi-Layer Periodic Matrix Array Can Be Used for Efficient Electromagnetic Attenuation

Abstract

With the popularization of wireless communication, radar, and electronic devices, the hidden harm of electromagnetic radiation is becoming increasingly serious. The design of green biomass carbon-based interface heterojunctions based on lightweight porous materials can effectively protect against electromagnetic radiation hazards. In this work, we constructed an anisotropic heterojunction interface with magnetic and dielectric coupling based on a honeycomb-like periodic matrix multi-layer array repeating unit. The removal of lignin components from bamboo through oxidation enriches the impregnation pores and uniform adsorption sites of the magnetic medium. Further, in situ pyrolysis promotes the formation of a large number of electric dipoles at the interface between the magnetic medium and dielectric coupling inside the periodic cell carbon skeleton, enhancing interface polarization and relaxation. Local carrier traps and uneven electromagnetic density enhance dielectric and hysteresis losses, resulting in excellent impedance matching. Therefore, the obtained bamboo-based carbon multiphase composite absorbent has satisfactory electromagnetic loss characteristics. At a thickness of 1.55 mm, the effective absorption bandwidth reaches 5.1 GHz, and the minimum reflection loss (RL) value reaches −54.7 dB. In addition, the far-field radar simulation results show that the sample has an excellent RCS (radar cross-section) reduction of 33.3 dB·m2. This work provides new directions for the diversified development of green biomass and the optimization of the design of magnetic and dielectric coupling in periodic array structures.