Abstract
This chapter presents the study’s theoretical framework by focusing on balance of power theory which occupies a central role in realism. It is explained that despite the concept’s purported ancient lineage, its primary elaboration has been more modern. Particular emphasis is then given to the arguments of leading international relations theorists such as Hans Morgenthau, Kenneth Waltz, and John Mearsheimer, as well as on the various attempts to define balance of power. The numerous approaches to comprehending the concept converge on a number of key presuppositions, including the significance of an anarchical international system that breeds uncertainty and insecurity. States are considered to be the most important actors and are assumed to act in a rational manner focusing with their power capabilities. It is within this environment that realist balance of power operates despite definitional differences.
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