Abstract
For the past few years, owing to improved survival of patients with chronic airway and lung diseases, increased sputum surveillance and application of new molecular techniques for the identification of microorganisms, we have come to known that the lower respiratory tract is not sterile, but harbors numerous diverse microbes.Microbes emerged not only in exacerbations of chronic airway and lung diseases, but also in clinical stable patients and health people.Change of microbial community diversity and composition is closely related to some chronic airway and lung diseases.This review focuses on bacterial diversity and composition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, bronchiectasis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Key words: Bacteria; Obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic; Asthma; Bronchiectasis
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