Abstract
A major concern in infant nutrition is bacterial contamination during reconstitution of powdered formula. Although freshly expressed breast milk contains bacterial growth inhibitors that may prevent bacterial proliferation even for several hours of nonrefrigerated conditions, 1 Pittard WB Anderson DM Cerutti ER Boxerbaum B Bacteriostatic qualities of human milk. J Pediatr. 1985; 107: 240-243 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (18) Google Scholar reconstituted infant formula represents an ideal culture medium for bacterial growth. In third-world countries, formula-fed infants have higher infection rates and higher death rates from infection than do breast-fed infants, which may be explained, in part, by lack of appropriate hygiene during formula reconstitution and preparation.
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