Bacterial blight of rice dataset

Abstract

Rice bacterial leaf blight, also known as white leaf blast, grass blast, ground fire and so on. Rice bacterial blight is one of the important diseases in rice production, one of the main diseases in rice, and a quarantine disease. Rice bacterial leaf blight mainly damages leaves and causes plant wilting to death. Once it occurs, the yield of rice bacterial leaf blight can generally be reduced by about 10%, and the serious yield can be reduced by 50-60%, or even 90%. Generally, indica rice is heavier than japonica glutinous rice, and late rice is heavier than early rice. It mainly occurs in leaves and sheaths. At first, translucent yellow spots appeared on the leaf margin, then developed into ripple yellow-green or grey-green spots along one or both sides of the leaf margin or along the middle vein; the boundary between the disease and the healthy part was obvious; after a few days, the disease spots turned grey-white and curled inward, looking far into a faded color, so it was called bacterial blight. [Control methods] Based on the selection of disease-resistant varieties and on the premise of reducing bacterial sources, we should pay close attention to fertilizer and water management, supplemented by chemical control, focusing on slurry management and chemical control in seedling stage. [Seed treatment] Soak seeds with formalin 50 times liquid for 3 hours before sowing, then stuff seeds for 12 hours, and then germinate after washing. It can also be used to soak rice seeds 6-8 kg after mixing with 2 milliliters of Zaoshiling EC and 10-12 liters of water. After 36 hours of soaking, it can accelerate germination and sowing. [Agricultural control] Selection of disease-resistant varieties is the most economical and effective way to control bacterial blight, such as Huaan 2, Zhong9A/838, Wandao 44, Jinliangyou 36, Teyou 813 and Youyou 128. Clean up the residue of diseased rice straw, diseased rice straw is not directly returned to the field, as far as possible to prevent pathogenic bacteria on diseased rice straw into the rice seedling and Honda. Good management of seedling fields and cultivation of disease-free seedlings. Select the position of seedling field and strictly prevent flooding seedlings. The seedling field should be high, disease-free, easy to drain and irrigate, far away from the straw heap, threshing and drying fields, and the late rice seedling field should also be far away from the early rice disease field. Prevent cross irrigation, straw irrigation and long-term deep water irrigation. To prevent excessive partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, we should also apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. [Pharmaceutical control] Before or after the arrival of typhoon rainstorm, the old sick areas sprayed the diseased fields or susceptible varieties once, especially the flooded fields. According to the development of the disease and climatic conditions, the number of medications is usually sprayed once every 7-10 days, twice early onset and once late onset. Every 667 square meters, 86.2% cuprous oxide water granules, sterile pesticides (Menshen) 50 mL, 70% Yekujing (also known as Xikujing) suspension 100-150 g, or 25% Yekuning wettable powder 100 g, or Gaoke 20% fluorosilazole imidazole 30-50 mL, or 10% chloramphenicol wettable powder 100 g, or 50% Daisen ammonium 100 g (not available after heading), or 25% Xiaokulin wettable powder 40 g, or 32% nucleus. Glucoside morphine guanidine (anti viral disease) 600 times liquid, or 15% carbendazim 200 grams, or Print-Rite 3 (50% chlorbromo isocyanuric acid, registered rice leaf blight) above medicament and water 50 liter spray. [Pest control and disease control] This is a general measure to control persistent insect-borne virus disease, and also a first-aid measure to control stripe blight. Preliminary experiments show that it has good effect, but if the control is not proper, it will still cause serious harm. In order to ensure the effect of pest control, we should pay attention to the use of medicines in conjunction with tablets at the same time. Because of the rapid transmission of the virus and the particularity of the virus disease itself, the effect of insecticide treatment alone can not reach 100%. It is better to combine with resistant varieties to achieve better results.