Bacterial Alterations in Post-Cholecystectomy Patients Are Associated With Colorectal Cancer.

Xinhua Ren,Yulan Liu,Qing Huang,Yiwen Zhang,Jun Xu,Yuanyuan Zhang,Guodong Chen

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.01418

Xinhua Ren, Yulan Liu + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01418

Copy DOI

Abstract

Background: Although increasing evidences showed a correlation between cholecystectomy and the prevalence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC), and shed light on gut microbiota in colorectal pathogenesis, only a few studies focused on microbial alterations after cholecystectomy, and its sequent role in carcinogenesis and progression of CRC has not been reported. Thus, we aimed to investigate the bacterial alterations and tried to clarify their clinical significance.Methods: 104 subjects were enrolled and divided into post-cholecystectomy patients (PC, n = 52) and healthy controls (HC, n = 52). To investigate the bacterial role in carcinogenesis, PC patients were further separated into preCA_CRC (patients with precancerous lesions and/or CRC, n = 9) and non-CA (patients without precancerous lesions and CRC, n = 43) based on the histopathology. Qualified stool samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyze the bacterial profile.Results: Our data showed noteworthy compositional and abundant alterations of bacterial microbiota in PC patients, characterized as Bacteroides ovatus, Prevotella copri, and Fusobacterium varium remarkably increased; Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia faecis, and Bifidobacterium adolescentis significantly decreased. Additionally, the duration after cholecystectomy was the critical factor that affected bacterial composition. Machine learning-based analysis showed a pivotal role of Megamonas funiformis in discriminating PC from HC subjects and involving in the progression of CRC.Conclusions: The bacterial dysbiosis may associate with CRC in PC patients, and the duration after cholecystectomy was highlighted as an important factor. Altered bacterial microbiota was likely to play a pivotal role in related-disease in the long-term follow-up of PC patients.

Highlights

With the changes of the modern lifestyle, the prevalence of cholelithiasis has steadily increased [1]
The above data indicated that there were no markedly alterations of clinical characteristics in PC patients, which were in accordance with the previous studies [24]
By analysis and identification bacterial species with abundance differentiation in each group, we found that the abundance of Bacteroides ovatus (B. ovatus), Parabacteroides distasonis (P. distasonis), Prevotella copri (P. copri), and Fusobacterium varium (F. varium) remarkably increased; a significant reduction in the abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii), Roseburia faecis (R. faecis), Eubacterium rectale (E. rectale), and Bifidobacterium adolescentis (B. adolescentis) was observed in PC patients compared with healthy controls (HC) subjects (Figure 1F)

Summary

Introduction

With the changes of the modern lifestyle, the prevalence of cholelithiasis has steadily increased [1]. Growing evidences have shown that the prevalence of post-cholecystectomy syndrome (such as abdominal distention and abdominal pain) has increased in recent years, up to 10– 47% [5]. It was inferred that cholecystectomy might increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. Some meta-analyses suggested that cholecystectomy probably raised the prevalence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC), in the risk of right colon cancer [9,10,11,12]. Increasing evidences showed a correlation between cholecystectomy and the prevalence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC), and shed light on gut microbiota in colorectal pathogenesis, only a few studies focused on microbial alterations after cholecystectomy, and its sequent role in carcinogenesis and progression of CRC has not been reported. We aimed to investigate the bacterial alterations and tried to clarify their clinical significance

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion