Abstract
Bacillus sp.-based microbial formulations have found wide application in many fields: from pharmacy and medicine to environmental protection and agriculture due to the ability of this species to produce various metabolites and to form endospores. Recently, these products have gained popularity as biopesticidal and phytostimulatory agents, which are a ?green? alternative to overused agrochemicals. In order to obtain a high-quality and long-lasting product with desired characteristics, it is necessary to optimize the production process at each stage, which implies coordinating the microbial species, the type and the conditions of microbial cultivation along with formulation technologies. This paper provides a concise overview of the most important findings in this area, regarding characteristics of microbial formulations and specific criteria that need to be met when such a product is formulated. It should serve as a beginning point for everyone starting new research, not just in the field of biofertilization and biological control of plant diseases, but generally in the field of biochemical engineering.
Highlights
Microbial formulations based on the Bacillus species have wide application in different fields, ranging from medicine and pharmacy to agriculture [1,2,3,4]
This paper provides a concise overview of the most important findings in this area, regarding characteristics of microbial formulations and specific criteria that need to be met when such a product is formulated
This type of formulations can be produced using simple fermentation and formulation process, commercial application of such processes is limited by the lack of adequate methods for large scale production as well as appropriate technologies that will solve the problem of the short product shelf life [11,12,13]
Summary
Microbial formulations based on the Bacillus species have wide application in different fields, ranging from medicine and pharmacy to agriculture [1,2,3,4]. Genus Bacillus is considered as a microbiological factory for production of an enormous set of antimicrobial substances Thanks to this feature and the possibility of spore formation, it is contained in about 85% of commercially available biological control agents [9,10]. Phosphate solubilization) and release a wide range of metabolites (plant hormones, siderophores, cyanides, antibiotics) that stimulate the plant and protect it from the adverse effects of the environment and pathogens [17,18,19,20,21] Their antagonistic activity belongs to the ability to induce the systematic resistance in plants and to compete for an ecological niche with pathogenic bacteria [22]. It is important to achieve good sporulation and to incorporate spores into the formulation
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