Abstract
High-altitude platforms (HAP) or near-space vehicle offers several advantages over current low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and airplane, because HAP is not constrained by orbital mechanics and fuel consumption. These advantages provide potential for some specific remote sensing applications that require persistent monitoring or fast-revisiting frequency. This paper investigates the azimuth-variant signal processing in HAP-borne bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BiSAR) with spaceborne or airborne transmitter for high-resolution remote sensing. The system configuration, azimuth-variant Doppler characteristics and two-dimensional echo spectrum are analyzed. Conceptual system simulation results are also provided. Since the azimuth-variant BiSAR geometry brings a challenge for developing high precision data processing algorithms, we propose an image formation algorithm using equivalent velocity and nonlinear chirp scaling (NCS) to address the azimuth-variant signal processing problem. The proposed algorithm is verified by numerical simulation results.
Highlights
Satellite and airplane represent two well established platforms in radar and remote sensing arena for years [1,2]
It appears that High-altitude platforms (HAP) or near-space vehicle can provide an optimal platform for passive bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BiSAR) due to the following reasons [9,10,21]: HAP includes free-floater and maneuvering vehicle, but this paper considers only the free-floater
We present an azimuth-variant signal processing in HAP-borne passive BiSAR with spaceborne/airborne transmitter
Summary
Satellite and airplane represent two well established platforms in radar and remote sensing arena for years [1,2]. HAPs can provide a large footprint and a long mission duration that are commonly associated with satellites and fast responsiveness that is commonly associated with unmanned aerial vehicles These advantages are useful for some specific remote sensing applications that require a fast revisiting frequency [8]. We present azimuth-variant signal processing for HAP passive bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BiSAR). The HAP-borne BiSAR described in this paper is an azimuth-variant configuration; when compared with the azimuth-invariant configurations, it has much more complex characteristics in signal models, spatial resolution, and image formation algorithm. We present the azimuth-variant signal processing in HAP-borne passive BiSAR with spaceborne or airborne transmitter for high-resolution remote sensing.
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