Abstract
Objective: This in vitro study evaluated the action of vinegar solutions on microhardness of root dentin. Methods: Ten extracted human maxillary central incisors were sectioned transversely at the cementenamel junction. The roots were fixed on cutting machine device and were cut on cervical region transversely in 2-mm sections. The second cervical section was divided into four parts. Each one quarter of section was fixed with wax in the center of a pre-fabricated acrylic disc. Four treatment groups were tested: group 1 – alcohol vinegar; group 2 – white wine vinegar; group 3 – EDTA (standard group); group 4 – distilled water (control group). The specimens were submitted to solutions application for 5 min. The measurements of microhardness (initial and post-treatment) were carried out using a Knoop microhardness tester. Data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon and Kruskal Wallis tests. Results: The analysis of initial and final microhardness showed statically significant differences before and after application of the tested solutions alcohol vinegar, white wine vinegar and EDTA. Groups 1,2 and 3 presented a decrease in the microhardness values. Conclusion: The solutions of alcohol vinegar and white wine vinegar, as well as the EDTA, reduced the microhardness of root dentin.
Highlights
During the endodontic instrumentation using either manual or mechanized techniques, the dentin walls become covered by smear layer, a amorphous layer of inorganic and organic components as particles of calcified tissue and organic elements such as necrotic or viable pulp tissue debris, odontoblastic processes, microorganisms, blood cells and coagulated protein in dentinal tubules [1]
The efficiency of the chelating agents in the removal of the smear layer, demineralization and reduction of microhardness can be analyzed through various methods such as Atomic absorption spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy [17], digital optical microscopy [18] and microhardness tests [8,9,10]
The results obtained in this study indicate that the EDTA, as well as the alcohol and white wine vinegars, were able to reduce the microhardness of the root dentin
Summary
During the endodontic instrumentation using either manual or mechanized techniques, the dentin walls become covered by smear layer, a amorphous layer of inorganic and organic components as particles of calcified tissue and organic elements such as necrotic or viable pulp tissue debris, odontoblastic processes, microorganisms, blood cells and coagulated protein in dentinal tubules [1]. The presence of this layer on the dentin walls reduces the permeability, the medications diffusion and endodontic cements penetration into the dentin tubules, hampering the sealing of the obturation [2,3]. This chemical pretreatments induce considerable changes in the morphology surface of dentine that may exert effect in its physical, mechanical and chemical properties and reducing the microhardness [6,7]
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