Abstract
In the electricity market, power producers and customers share a common transmission network for wheeling power from generation to consumption points. All parties in this open access environment may try to produce energy from cheaper sources for greater profit margin, which may lead to transmission congestion, which could lead to violation of voltage and thermal limits, threatening the system security. To solve this, available transfer capability (ATC) must be accurately estimated and optimally utilized. Thus, accurate determination of ATC to ensure system security while serving power transactions is an open and trending research topic. Many optimization approaches to deal with the problem have been proposed. In this paper, Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) is applied for determining ATC problem between the buses in deregulated power systems without violating system constraints such as thermal, voltage constraints. The suggested methodology is tested on IEEE 14 and IEEE 24-bus for normal and contingency cases. The simulation results are compared with the corresponding results of EP, PSO, and GWO and show that the CSA is an effective method for determining ATC.
Highlights
One of the key features of the competitive electricity market is fair and open transmission access of the network to all users which may result to the frequent overloading of transmission system facilities
Total Transfer Capability (TTC) is the summation of all the network transfers including the margins for system security and reliability, and existing transmission commitments (ETC)
The optimal control parameters of Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) have been selected for the 14-bus and 24-bus systems as: The number of nests for the two systems is 20 and 25 respectively
Summary
One of the key features of the competitive electricity market is fair and open transmission access of the network to all users which may result to the frequent overloading of transmission system facilities. Renewable energy power generation could increase the uncertainties of the power system which has significant effects on the transfer capability of the transmission system. Secure and reliable operation of transmission network requires the Independent System Operators (ISO) to determine and update ATC at regular intervals for its optimal commercial use [5]. ATC is a measure of the extra transmission capability above the base case power transfer for the purpose of power marketing. TTC is the summation of all the network transfers (base case and commercial transfers) including the margins for system security and reliability, and existing transmission commitments (ETC). An egg is either hatched and carried over to the generation or abandoned by the host bird It is an efficient meta-heuristic algorithm that balances between the local search strategy (exploitation) and the whole space (exploration) [21]. The proposed approach is demonstrated on the IEEE 14-bus and the IEEE 24-bus test systems
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