Abstract
Major research contributions in ethnopharmacology have generated vast amount of data associated with medicinal plants in Burkina Faso. Despite the relatively abundant literature on local medicinal plants supported by an institutional environment in favor of promoting traditional medicine, any national pharmacopoeia document or monographs on antimalarial medicinal plants aren't currently available. The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and perception of traditional healers on the effectiveness and availability of 12 antimalarial plants from Burkina Faso. The survey was carried out on 12 antimalarial plants from western region during January-March 2013. The informants were 100 traditional healers and herbalist from the Western region, which gathered in association affiliated to General Directorate of Pharmacy, Medicines and Laboratories. A semi-structured and open questionnaire and herbarium were used for plant identification. The data showed that <i>Securidaca longepedunculata</i> (66%) and <i>Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides</i> (64%) was the lowest available followed by <i>Pavetta crassipes</i> (57%), <i>Argemone mexicana</i> (48%) and <i>Cochlospermum planchonii</i> (44%). The root uses of <i>C. planchonii</i> (51%), <i>S. longepedunculata</i> (24%) and <i>Z. zanthoxyloides</i> (11%) were probably their threat. <i>S. longepedunculata, Z. zanthoxyloides</i> and <i>P. crassipe</i>s are really in endangered due to their large medicinal uses particularly in malaria treatment. It need a new policy management and integrated breeding for these plants.
Highlights
In the last decade, investment in malaria control strategies has contributed to a significant reduction in malaria cases and deaths worldwide [1]
Despite the relatively abundant literature on local medicinal plants supported by an institutional environment in favor of promoting traditional medicine in Burkina Faso, any national pharmacopoeia document or monographs on antimalarial medicinal plants aren't currently available
It was found that older people with little formal or institutional education have a lot of knowledge about the uses of 12 medicinal plants despite that the younger with age between 15-29 years represented 51% of population
Summary
Investment in malaria control strategies has contributed to a significant reduction in malaria cases and deaths worldwide [1]. Despite this situation, malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with an estimated 216 million cases and 445,000 deaths in 2016. There are four main species of malaria occurring in humans, Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum), P. malariae, P. ovale and P. vivax. They are all transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles, of which exist over 400 species [2]
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