Auxiliary Strategies for Water Management in Industries: Minimization of Water Use and Possibility of Recycling and/or Reuse of Effluent

Fábio Henrique De Melo Ribeiro,Yeda Dos Santos Silva,Liliana Pena Naval

doi:10.5772/intechopen.90281

Abstract

Water management in industry by minimizing water consumption and effluent generation, reusing and/or recycling as a possibility the economy and conservation of water, energy and economic resources. The characterization of the final effluent allows evaluating how much the treatment is adequate to meet the requirements of the regulations of different countries for recycling and/or reuse and evaluated the possibility of reuse, as well as the choice of effluent treatment methods. In this case, technical, environmental and economic criteria, with a view to complying with industrial reuse regulations, should be evaluated, and a multicriteria analysis (MCA) can be adopted to classify the treatment systems applied in different reuse scenarios, made possible by the combination of multiple processes, with the use of tertiary treatment techniques. It should be noted that the potential for recycling and/or reuse of effluents generated in industry increases when effluents are separated into groups (principle of segregation of effluent streams). As a way of promoting a more sustainable model, the use of reuse systems is promising to reduce consumption, as well as reducing operating costs when treating effluents.

Highlights

Environmental pollution and the preservation of natural resources are subjects of constant presence in the world political and socioeconomic guidelines, especially the discussions related to water pollution
With advances in effluent treatment technologies [6] and the possibility of [7, 8], water reuse presents itself as a potential source for different sectors of society, especially for the industrial sector
Among the alternatives of effluent treatment systems for the fish processing industry, it is possible to choose the technologies that have the highest levels of removal (Table 3), capable of producing reuse waters with higher quality, or by better meeting the criteria of greater relevance [38]

Summary

Introduction

Environmental pollution and the preservation of natural resources are subjects of constant presence in the world political and socioeconomic guidelines, especially the discussions related to water pollution These debates are fueled by issues such as water scarcity [1–3], climate change pressures, disordered urban development and increased domestic waste production and industrial [4, 5]. The adoption of measures to reduce waste and effluent production are needed [11–14] Under these circumstances, the use of reuse and recycling systems is promising to achieve these objectives and is important for achieving sustainable management [8]. The use of reuse and recycling systems is promising to achieve these objectives and is important for achieving sustainable management [8] In this industry, the large amount used leads to an increase in the volume of effluents generated, which, if not treated properly, lead to different impacts [7, 11–13, 15]. As well as the increase in reuse can characterize the implantation of cleaner production technologies in the industries, which confers the reduction of the direct and indirect costs of the process through the management of the consumption of water, energy and raw material used, as well as the efficiency of the enterprise

Quality and requirements established for the practice of industrial reuse

Analysis of potential effluent reuse and recycling

Conclusions

Findings

Conflict of interest