Automation of agricultural machinery: Development and validation of a portable automation module for oil palm plantation machinery

Abstract

The primary objective of this project is to create a portable automation module that should be suitable for various heavy machines in agriculture. To begin, the OREC Bull Mower machine was chosen as the initial pilot study. Five major machine components were identified through meticulous analysis, laying the groundwork for the automation process. Several functions, including gear shifting, clutch operation, and other critical tasks, were successfully automated. Extensive testing and measurements were performed to identify the best actuators for precise and efficient control. The actuators and controllers were thoughtfully integrated into the enclosure, resulting in a versatile automation module that can be programmed for remote or autonomous operation. Lab and on-site testing proved the module's efficacy in real-world scenarios, validating its successful implementation. While the project has produced promising results, future improvements are required, particularly in mechanical fitting, design for assembly, and the use of reliable electronic components.