Abstract
A tool path generation algorithm has been proposed and implemented in the presented work. The aim of the development of tool path algorithm is to machine parametric surface with a given tolerance and scallop height. The algorithm proposes dividing the desired parametric surface to several linear segments depending on the desired accuracy of the parametric surface. The Bspline technique has been used to generate the required data of the parametric surface. After generating the tool path, the cutter movement has been simulated allowing to reduce the cutting time and cost. The tool path is verified on the C-TEK CNC milling machine by machining six models. Various tool path strategies are also discussed and compared with the developed algorithm. The machining performance includes machining time; dimensional accuracy and surface roughness were measured for result evaluation. A measuring method has been proposed and implemented to measure the accuracy of the final 3D models. A Digital 3D-Touch Probe was used. The statistical method of error assessment and similarity factor has been implemented in this work to show the efficiency of the proposed works. The results showed that the similarity factor of the proposed works were (87.6%) for one model, and (85.9%), (89.6%) for other models. Matlab (v.7.1), UG-NX8.5, and VERCUT software have been used in this work for implementation. A comparison between the proposed method and UG-NX8 has been done to present the flexibility of the proposed method.
Highlights
Sliding movements in a CNC machine are controlled by motors using a computer program, Allowing editing the part program and storing it in computer memory [1]
The proposed algorithm starts with the linear interpolation of point located at the first point of the 1st curve, after finding the desired incremental parameter u, the parameter of the Pi+1 point is set as Pi+1 = Pi + u and a new searching iteration continues until the 1st curve is covered and until all of the parametric curves that represent the 3D surface are covered, Each of these points is considered as a cutter contact point (CC)
The tool path that has the lowest simulation time has been selected for real machining by the vertical CNC milling machine for three models
Summary
Sliding movements in a CNC machine are controlled by motors using a computer program, Allowing editing the part program and storing it in computer memory [1]. There are two main parameters that must be taken into account in the path generating in the parametric surface milling, which is side step and steps forward. During the zig-zag pattern, the tool cut the material in bi-directional path which allows reducing the non-cutting time during machining [4]. Are generated the tool will follow these offset patterns until the overall shape is machined, Figure 3 illustrate the parallel contour pattern [5]. [7] focused on developing a procedure for cutter path generation for machining parametric surfaces depending on the desired accuracy. The calculated cutter path has to minimize the machining time Based on this algorithm, they proposed to compute cutter paths for pocket milling. No 1, 2019 developed algorithm where the cutter radius, desired tolerance, and scallop height have been considered
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